AN UPDATE IN IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY (PART I and II)

This 2-part special issue features 14 review articles with an attempt to cover IHC automation, standardization of diagnostic IHC, and the role of IHC in diagnosing tumors in major organs and tumors of unknown primary. This series begins with an article emphasizing standardization of diagnostic IHC in the preanalytic, analytic, and postanalytic phases, with a specific focus on (1) newly proposed guidelines on antibody validation from the College of American Pathologists Pathology and Laboratory Quality Center, (2) testing/optimizing a new antibody and troubleshooting, (3) interpreting and reporting IHC assay results, (4) continuing quality improvement programs, and (5) developing and implementing the concept of best practices in IHC.

from Fan Lin (2014) Evolving Practices of Diagnostic Immunohistochemistry. Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine: December 2014, Vol. 138, No. 12, pp. 1561-1563.

PART I

Standardization of Diagnostic Immunohistochemistry: Literature Review and Geisinger Experience

Overview of Automated Immunohistochemistry

Immunohistochemistry in Undifferentiated Neoplasm/Tumor of Uncertain Origin

Utility of Immunohistochemistry in the Diagnosis of Pleuropulmonary and Mediastinal Cancers: A Review and Update

Application of Immunohistochemistry in Breast Pathology: A Review and Update

The Application of Immunohistochemical Biomarkers in Urologic Surgical Pathology

New Immunohistochemistry for B-Cell Lymphoma and Hodgkin Lymphoma

PART II

Application of Immunohistochemistry in Gastrointestinal and Liver Neoplasms: New Markers and Evolving Practice

Utility of Immunohistochemistry in the Pancreatobiliary Tract

The Utility of Immunohistochemistry in the Differential Diagnosis of Gynecologic Disorders

Review and Updates of Immunohistochemistry in Selected Salivary Gland and Head and Neck Tumors

Application of Immunohistochemistry in Thyroid Pathology

Immunohistochemistry in Dermatopathology

An Update on the Application of Newly Described Immunohistochemical Markers in Soft Tissue Pathology

Journal Club #11: Human cancer immunotherapy with antibodies to the PD-1 and PD-L1 pathway

The programmed death 1 (PD-1) receptor and its ligands programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and PD-L2, members of the CD28 and B7 families, play critical roles in T cell coinhibition and exhaustion. Overexpression of PD-L1 and PD-1 on tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, respectively, correlates with poor disease outcome in some human cancers. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) blockading the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway have been developed for cancer immunotherapy via enhancing T cell functions. Clinical trials with mAbs to PD-1 and PDL1 have shown impressive response rates in patients, particularly for melanoma, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and bladder cancer. Further studies are needed to dissect the mechanisms of variable response rate, to identify biomarkers for clinical response, to develop small-molecule inhibitors, and to combine these treatments with other therapies.

Ohaegbulam KC, Assal A, Lazar-Molnar E, Yao Y, Zang X. Human cancer immunotherapy with antibodies to the PD-1 and PD-L1 pathway. Trends Mol Med. 2015 Jan;21(1):24-33.

                                                                                                                                                    

Human cancer immunotherapy with anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1) receptor and anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1)/L2 antibodies (from Ohaegbulam et al).